“The revenue and economic models for groups are misaligned with how human nature functions.” – Samira Salman
Samira Salman is a generational force—a rare blend of financier, strategist, and connector—revered for her ability to move capital, catalyze ventures, and cultivate the kinds of high-trust relationships that shape industries and define legacies. With over $5.5 billion in closed transactions spanning multiple asset classes, she is not merely a dealmaker—she is a trusted consigliere to some of the world’s most sophisticated families, investors, and visionaries.
Samira is the Founder & CEO of Salman Solutions, a bespoke advisory firm, and the visionary behind Collaboration Circle, an invitation-only global ecosystem recognized by Fortune Magazine as the premier “by families, for families” platform—curating aligned capital, deal flow, and meaningful connection across generations of wealth. She also serves as Chief Operating Officer of a private single-family office, overseeing a portfolio that blends venture capital, direct investments, and multi-generational governance.
Educated as a mergers and acquisitions tax attorney, Samira’s early career at Arthur Andersen, Deloitte, KPMG, and Shell Oil laid the foundation for her structural brilliance and financial fluency. She holds an LL.M. in Taxation, a JD, and a BS in International Trade and Finance—with a minor in Economics. Her legal acumen, combined with a deep intuition for human behavior, gives her a unique edge in structuring elegant, effective solutions that drive growth, mitigate risk, and unlock hidden value.
Samira’s proprietary methodology for business growth and ecosystem development has positioned her as one of the most connected and trusted figures in private finance. Her work spans advisory mandates, capital formation, co-investment syndication, family office strategy, and the orchestration of transformational events for UHNW families and industry trailblazers. She is the rare operator who bridges worlds—money and meaning, structure and soul, intellect and instinct.
Her multicultural upbringing and global exposure across dozens of countries have imbued her with a refined sensibility, cultural fluency, and a fierce commitment to authenticity. Samira doesn’t just build businesses—she builds trust-based systems that endure. Her work is rooted in the principle that Relationships Under Management (RUM) are the new AUM—and she is the embodiment of that thesis.
A passionate advocate for women’s economic empowerment, arts and culture, and global impact, Samira has served as an Honorary Advisor to the United Nations for Social Impact Projects and the NGO Committee on Sustainable Development. She has held board roles with numerous arts, education, healthcare, and professional institutions including the Houston Ballet, Center for Contemporary Craft, and Fresh Arts.
[00:00] Intro [02:27] How did Samira find herself at TASIS? [04:17] How did TASIS feel when she first arrived? [07:27] From tax lawyer to family offices [09:55] How did Samira decide to quit being a lawyer? [17:12] Why did Samira want to be a tax lawyer? [19:44] Journaling [22:39] The blessing of a lawyer brain [25:19] The Oprah episode that changed it all [29:45] How did Salman Solutions start? [33:28] Samira’s first interaction with family offices [36:43] Show and tell with Samira’s journals and pens [41:27] What did Samira mean that most family offices fall short of raising their own capital? [42:54] What is the common family office hero arc into VC? [44:05] Family office trends that Samira’s seen [47:17] The starting point for families interested in VC [50:13] Advice to a friend who wants to invest in VC [53:31] Book, podcast and conference recommendations [55:42] How does one qualify for Collaboration Circle? [56:21] Content recommendations, continued [59:57] How Collaboration Circle started [1:06:59] The 3 pieces of Collaboration Circle [1:09:49] Community economic models and human nature misalignment [1:12:43] How to create safe environments [1:18:02] The Dior bag tradition [1:21:20] Reminders that we’re in the good old days
“The very first thing everybody has to do is give themselves permission to lean into what they are interested in and what does it for them and what they understand and what they have an affinity for, regardless of what everybody else says you should be doing.” – Samira Salman
“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed, citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” – Margaret Mead
“The revenue and economic models for groups are misaligned with how human nature functions.” – Samira Salman
“Numbers and volume are not what programs humans to feel safe and to be authentic and to create. In order for us to do our best work and be our most thoughtful, our most creative, we have to be fully dropped down into our bodies and safe in our nervous systems. And some of the environments our industry has curated are literally the exact opposite of that.” – Samira Salman
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
You know that feeling when you enjoy something so much, you have to do it again. That’s exactly what happened with my buddy Ben Ehrlich. There’s a line I really like by the amazing Penn and Teller. “Magic is just spending more time on a trick that anyone would ever expect to be worth it.”
Ben is exactly that. He’s a magician with how he thinks about underwriting, arguably, the riskiest class of emerging managers. This piece originated opportunistically from another series of intellectual sparring matches between the two of us. Both learning the lens of how the other thinks. It was pure joy to be able to put this piece together, just like our last. Selfishly, hopefully, two of many more.
You can find the same blogpost under his blog, which I highly recommend also checking out.
Venture is a game of outliers. We invest in outlier managers, who invest in outlier companies, capitalizing on outlier opportunities.
Angel investments have excelled at catching and generating outlier outcomes. However, in recent years, angel checks are not just a critical piece of the capital stack for startups, they are also a way where amazing people can learn and grow into spectacular investors. In the past 20 years, angel activity has gone from a niche subsection, to a robust industry with angel groups all over the world, and the emergence of platforms to facilitate their growth.
As LPs, we see this every day. A common story that we diligence is the angel turned institutional VC. This process is what allows aspiring GPs who come from all walks of life, with often quite esoteric track records, to raise funds and prove they can be exceptional venture capitalists. These people are often the outliers at the fund level. The non-obvious investors who are taking their angel investing experience and turning it into elite cornerstones of the venture ecosystem. For example:
Arthur Rock, having done a few years of angel investments, goes to raise his first $5M fund that returns $90M in 1968. Then goes on to invest $2.5M for 50% of the company two guys with no business plan started. By the way, that became Intel.
Each of these angels-turned-investors returned their earliest believers many times over. And these are far from the only examples.
So, as an allocator, it is logical to want to pattern match to the angel investor turned GP as a way to assess how good a manager might be in building their firm. However, with more venture firms than there have ever been, and more ways to access angel-investing, differentiating signal from noise has never been harder. The hardest being where the track record is too young, too limited, and there’s not enough to go on. So it begs the question: How the hell do you underwrite an angel track record that’s still in its infancy?
The simple answer is you don’t. At least not completely. You look for other clues. Telltale signs.
So, our hope with this piece is to share what we each look for – most of which is beyond the numbers. The beauty of this piece is that even while writing it, Ben and David have learned from each other Socratically on how to better underwrite managers. This is one that can be pretty controversial, and we don’t agree on everything. So, let us know what you think….
Understanding the returns
Every pitch deck we look at has a track record slide. Usually this is some amalgamation of previous funds (if they have any), advisor relationships, and angel investing track record. Angel investing track record is usually the largest number in terms of TVPI or IRR. However it also has the least clear implications, so we need to be careful in understanding what it means. Here are the steps we take in understanding the track record.
Step 1: Filtering the Track Record
First, we get aggressive with filtering the track record the GP shows you. Not the select investments track record on the deck, but the entire track record including advisor shares, SPVs, funds, and any other equity stake. We do this as angel track records are usually the result of opportunistic or inbound access over a long period of time. The companies in their angel portfolio don’t necessarily relate to their thesis or plan for their fund. So cutting the data by asset type and starting with thesis vs off thesis investments is a helpful starting point.
Next, it’s helpful to understand the timeframe. Funds have fixed lifespans1, and strict deployment time periods, which we call vintages. In order to understand the performance, we break down the time periods of their investments including entry date, exit date, values relative to median at that time, and average hold period. Naturally, also, we do note entry valuation, entry round, exit valuation, and ideally if they have it price per share. Having the afore-mentioned will help you filter returns, especially if a GP is pitching you a pre-seed/seed fund, but the bulk of their returns come from one company they got into at the Series B.
Lastly, it’s helpful to group investments into quartiles. Without sounding like a broken record, it’s important to remember that venture is fundamentally outlier-driven. Grouping the investments, understanding them at the company specific level vs aggregate is critical to the next phase, which is understanding the drivers of the track record.
Also, it’s important to note that some vintages will perform better than others. And as an LP, it’s important to consider vintage diversification (since no one can time the market) and what the public market equivalent is. For a number of vintages, even top-quartile venture underperforms the QQQ, SPY, and NASDAQ. A longer discussion for another post. Cash, or a low-cost index is just as valid of a position as a venture fund.
Step 2: Understanding the Drivers
Once you have broken down the data, we want to understand the real drivers behind the returns from the track record. We tend to start by asking these questions:
Are there other outliers in the off-thesis investments?
What are the most successful on-thesis investments?
Has any money actually been delivered, or is it entirely paper markups?
For the on-thesis investments that returned less than 10X the check size, what did this individual learn? How will that impact how this GP makes decisions going forward?
How much of a GP’s track record is attributed to luck?
And simply, do the founders in the GP’s supposed track record even know that the GP exists?4
With respect to the second-to-last question, if their on-thesis track record has more than 10 investments, we take out the top performer and the bottom performer, is their MOIC still interesting enough? While there is no consistency of returns in venture, it gives a good sense of how much luck impacts the GP’s portfolio.
The last question is extremely prescient, since the goal of a GP trying to build an institution – a platform – is that they need the surface area for serendipity to stick to compound. Yesterday’s source of deal flow needs to be worse than today’s. And today’s should be eclipsed by tomorrow’s. As LPs, we want the GPs to be intimately involved in the success of their outliers not because attribution of value add matters, but because great companies bring together great teams. Great teams aggregate and spawn other ambitious people. Ambitious people will often leave to start new ventures. And we want the GP to be the first call. More on that in the next section.
Step 3: Transferability to a Fund
Lastly, the analysis will need to shift from purely quantitative to qualitative guided by the quantitative. We are moving from the realm of backward-looking data, into forward projection. The main question here is how do all the data points we have point to the success of the fund and the differences in running a fund versus an angel portfolio such as:
Fixed deployment periods
Weighted portfolio risks
Correlation risk between underlying portfolio companies
Information rights and regulatory requirements
Angel check size vs fund’s target check size
One heuristic that we use is that of finding the “hyper learner.” The idea is basically, how fast is this person growing, learning and adding it into their decision-making around investing. Do they have real time feedback loops that influence their process, and can they take those feedback loops to the next level with their fund? Essentially, understanding that what matters with emerging VCs is the slope, not y-intercept, so can you see how their decisions will get better?
While everyone learns differently, some of the useful thought experiments to go through include:
What is the GP’s information diet? Where are they consuming information through channels not well-documented or read by their peers?
How are they consuming and synthesizing information in ways others are not?
How does each iteration of their pitch deck vary between themselves?5
Do you learn something new every conversation you have with the GP?
Overall, this is more a bet on the person learning how to be a great fund manager, and can’t all drive from just pure angel investing track record.
The details the numbers can’t tell you:
“We spend all our time talking about attributes because we can easily measure them. ‘Therefore, this is all that matters.’ And that’s a lie. It’s important but it’s partial truth.” — Jony Ive
Angel track records can point to how serious the potential GP is about the business of investing. At the same time, there are factors outside of raw numbers that also offer perspective to how fund-ready a GP is. Looking through the details, it is important to ask in the lead-up to making the decision to run a fund, how have they spent their time meaningfully? For example:
What advisory roles have they taken? What impact did they deliver in each? For those companies and firms, who else was in the running? And why did they ultimately go with this individual?
Have they taken independent board seats? Why? What was the relationship of the founder and board member prior to the official role?
If they’re a venture partner or advisor to another VC firm, what is their role in that firm? When do they get a call from the GPs or partners of that firm?
Is the angel/advisor part of non-redundant, unique networks?
Does the angel/advisor have a unique knowledge arbitrage that founders want access to?
Does the GP’s skillset match the strategy they’re proposing?
Money isn’t the only valuable asset. Time, effort, experience, and network are others. Especially if an angel has little capital to deploy (i.e. tied up in company stock, younger in their career, saving up for a life-impacting major purchase like a house), the others are leading indicators to how a network may compound for the angel-turned-GP over time.
Anti-portfolio
Lastly, one of the hardest parts of understanding angel investing track record is the anti-portfolio as popularized by BVP. As picking is such an important aspect of a GP’s job, understanding how the person has previously made investment decisions based on the opportunities they are pursuing and what they missed out on is critical.
The stopwatch really starts counting when the angel decides that she wants to be a full-time investor one day. The truth is no third party will really know when that ticker starts, outside of the GP’s own words. And maybe her immediate friends and family. While helpful to reference check, it’s her words against her own.
Instead, we find their first angel check or their first advisory role as a proxy for that data point. The outcome of that check isn’t important. The rationale behind that check also matters less than the memos of the more recent checks. Nevertheless, it is helpful to understand how much the GP has grown.
But what’s more helpful is to come up with a list of anti-portfolio companies. Companies within the investor’s thesis that rose to prominence during the time when that individual started to deploy. And within good reason, that individual may have come across during their time angel investing or advising. In particular, if the angel has not been able to be in the pre-seed. More often than not, folks investing in that round are friends and family. If they are in the seed round, the questions that pop up are:
Did she not see it?
Did she not pick it?
Or, did she not win it?
For the latter two questions, how much has she changed the way she invests based on those decisions? And are those adjustments to decision-making scalable to a firm? In other words, how much will that scar tissue impact how she trains other team members to identify great companies?
Contradictions
One of the most important truths in venture is that to deliver exceptional returns, you have to be non-consensus and right. This ultimately derives from someone being contradictory, with purpose throughout their life.
There is beauty in the resume and the LinkedIn profile. But it often only offers a snapshot into a person’s career, much less their life. So we usually spend the first meeting only on the GP’s life. Where did she grow up? How did she choose her extracurriculars? Why the college she chose? Why the career? Why the different career inflection points?
We look for contradictions. What does this GP end up choosing that the normal, rational person would not? And why?
More importantly, is there any part of their past the GP does not want us to know? Why? How will that piece of hidden knowledge affect how she makes decisions going forward?
Naturally, to have such a dialogue, the LP, who more often than not are in a position of power in that exchange, needs to create a safe, non-judgmental space. Failure to do so will prevent candid discussions.
In Closing
It is extremely easy to over-intellectualize this exercise. There are always going to be more unknowns to you, as an LP, than there are knowns. Your goal isn’t to uncover everything. Your time may be better spent investing in other asset classes, if that’s the case. Your goal, at least with respect to underwriting emerging managers, is to find the minimum number of risks you can stomach before having the conviction to make an investment decision.
And if you’re not sure where to start with evaluating risks, the last piece (Ben’s blog, cross-posted on this blog) we wrote together on the many risks of investing in emerging managers may be a good starting point.
We are choosing to ignore evergreen funds for the purpose of this article, but we know they exist. ↩︎
Beware of GPs who count SAFEs as mark ups. While we do believe most aren’t doing so with deception in mind, many GPs are just not experienced enough in venture to know that only priced rounds count as marks. ↩︎
Separately, is the GP holding 2020-early 2022 marks at the last round valuation (LRV)? Most companies that raised during that time are not worth anything near their peak. Are they also discounting any revenue multiples north of 10-20X? How a GP thinks here will help you differentiate between who’s an investor and who’s a fund manager. ↩︎
This may seem callous, but we have come across the instance multiple times where an aspiring GP over states (or in one case, lied) their position on the cap table. Founder reference checks are a must! ↩︎
David sometimes asks GPs to send every version of their current fund’s pitch deck to him, as an indicator on how the GP’s thinking has evolved over time. Even better if they’re on a Fund II+ because you can see earlier funds’ pitches. Shoutout to Eric Friedman who first inspired David to do this. ↩︎
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
Ahoy Capital’s founder, Chris Douvos, joins David on El Pack to answer your questions on how to build a venture capital fund. We bring on three GPs at VC funds to ask three different questions.
Pachamama Ventures’ Karen Sheffield asked about how GPs should think about when and how to sell secondaries.
Mangusta Capital’s Kevin Jiang asked about how GPs should think about staying top of mind with LPs between fundraises.
Stellar Ventures’ David Anderman asked Chris about GPs who start to specialize in different stages of investment compared to their previous funds.
Chris Douvos founded Ahoy Capital in 2018 to build an intentionally right-sized firm that could pursue investment excellence while prizing a spirit of partnership with all of its constituencies. A pioneering investor in the micro-VC movement, Chris has been a fixture in venture capital for nearly two decades. Prior to Ahoy Capital, Chris spearheaded investment efforts at Venture Investment Associates, and The Investment Fund for Foundations. He learned the craft of illiquid investing at Princeton University’s endowment. Chris earned his B.A. with Distinction from Yale College in 1994 and an M.B.A. from Yale School of Management in 2001.
[00:00] Intro [01:03] The facade of tough times [05:03] The last time Chris hugged someone [06:53] The art (and science?) of a good hug [08:32] How does Chris start his quarterly letters? [10:35] Quotes, writing, and AI [15:13] Venture is dead. Why? [17:33] But… why is venture still exciting? [21:13] Enter Karen Sheffield [21:48] The never-to-be-aired episode with Chris and Beezer [22:55] Karen and Pachamama Ventures [24:19] The third iteration of climate tech vocabulary [26:55] How should GPs think about secondaries? [33:53] Where can GPs go to learn more about when to sell? [36:53] Are secondary transactions actually happening or is it bluff? [38:44] “Entrepreneurship is like a gas, hottest when compressed” [42:26] Enter Kevin Jiang and Mangusta Capital [44:21] The significance of the mongoose [46:36] How do LPs like to stay updated on a GP’s progress? [59:35] How does a GP show an LP they’re in it for the long run? [1:03:57] David’s Anderman part of the Superclusters story [1:05:41] David Anderman’s gripe about the name Boom [1:06:31] Enter David Anderman and Stellar Ventures [1:10:21] What do LPs think of GPs expanding their thesis for later-stage rounds? [1:21:43] Why not invest all of your private portfolio in buyout funds [1:25:48] Good answers to why didn’t things work out [1:28:13] Chris’ one last piece of advice [1:35:18] My favorite clip from Chris’ first episode on Superclusters
“Every letter seems to say portfolios have ‘limited exposure to tariffs.’ The reality is we’re seeing potentially the breakdown of the entire post-war Bretton Woods system. And that’s going to have radical impacts on everything across the entire economy. So to say ‘we have limited exposure to tariffs’ is one thing, but what they really are saying is ‘we don’t understand the exposure we have to the broader economy as a whole.’” – Chris Douvos
“Everybody is always trying to put the best spin on quarterly results. I love how every single letter I get starts: ‘We are pleased to share our quarterly letter.’ I write my own quarterly letters. Sometimes I’m not pleased to share them. All of my funds – I love them like my children – equally but differently. There’s one that’s keeping me up a lot at night. Man, I’m not pleased to share anything about that fund, but I have to.” – Chris Douvos
“There’s ups and downs. We live in a business of failure. Ted Williams once said, ‘Baseball is the only human endeavor where being successful three times out of ten can get you to the Hall of Fame.’ If you think about venture, it’s such a power law business that if you were successful three times out of ten, you’d be a radical hero.” – Chris Douvos
“Tim Berners-Lee’s outset of the internet talked about the change from the static web to the social web to the semantic web. Each iteration of the web has three layers: the compute layer, an interaction layer, and a data layer.” – Chris Douvos
“Venture doesn’t know the train that’s headed down the tracks to hit it. Every investor I talk to—and I talk mostly to endowments and foundations—is thinking about how to shorten the duration of their portfolio. People have too many long-dated way-out-of-the-money options, and quite frankly, they haven’t, at least in recent memory, been appropriately compensated for taking those long-term bets.” – Chris Douvos
“Entrepreneurship is like a gas. It’s the hottest when it’s compressed.” – Chris Douvos
On communication with LPs, “come with curiosity, not sales.” – Chris Douvos
“Process drives repeatability.” – Andy Weissman
“The worst time to figure out who you’re going to marry is when you’re buying flowers and setting the menu. Most funds that are raising now, especially if it’s to institutional investors—we’re getting to know you for Fund n plus one.” – Chris Douvos
On frequent GP/LP checkins… “Too many calls I get on, it’s a re-hash of what the strategy is. Assume if I’m taking the call, I actually spent five minutes reminding myself of who you are and what you do.” – Chris Douvos
“One thing I hate is when I meet with someone, they tell me about A, B, and C. And then the next time I meet with them, it’s companies D, E, and F. ‘What happened to A, B, and C?’ So I’ve told people, ‘Hey, we’re having serious conversations. Help me understand the arc.’ As LPs, we get snapshots in time, but what I want is enough snapshots of the whole scene to create a movie of you, like one of those picturebooks that you can flip. I want to see the evolution. I want to know about the hypotheses that didn’t work.” – Chris Douvos
“We invest in funds as LPs that last twice as long as the average American marriage.” – Chris Douvos
“The typical vest in Silicon Valley is four years. He says, ‘Think about how long you want to work. Think about how old you are now and divide that period by four. That’s the number of shots on goal you’re going to have to create intergenerational wealth.’ When you actually do that, it’s actually not very many shots. ‘So I want to know, is this the opportunity that you want to spend the next four years on building that option value?’” – Chris Douvos, quoting Stewart Alsop
When underwriting passion… “So you start with the null hypothesis that this person is a dilettante or tourist. What you try to do when you try to understand their behavioral footprint is you try to understand their passion. Some people are builders for the sake of building and get their psychic income from the communities they build while building.” – Chris Douvos
“There’s pre-spreadsheet and post-spreadsheet investing. For me, it’s a very different risk-adjusted return footprint because once you are post-spreadsheet—you talk about B and C rounds, companies have product-market fit, they’re moving to traction—that’s very different and analyzable. In my personal opinion, that’s ‘super beta venture.’ Like it’s just public market super beta. Whereas pre-spreadsheet is Adam and God on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel with their fingers almost touching. You can feel the electricity. […] That’s pure alpha. I think the purest alpha left in the investing markets. But alpha can have a negative sign in front of it. That’s the game we play.” – Chris Douvos
“Strategy is an integrated set of choices that inform timely action.” – Michael Porter
“I’m not here to tell you about Jesus. You already know about Jesus. He either lives in your heart or he doesn’t.” – Don Draper in Mad Men
“If there are 4000 people investing and people are generally on a 2-year cycle, that means in any given year, there are 2000 funds. And the top quartile fund is 500th. I don’t want to invest in the 50th best fund, much less the 500th. But that’s tyranny of the relativists. Why do we care if our portfolio is top quartile if we’re not keeping up with the opportunity cost of equity capital of the public markets?” – Chris Douvos
“In venture, the top three funds matter. Probably the top three funds will be Sequoia, Kleiner, and whoever gets lucky or whoever is in the right industry when that industry gets hot.” – Michael Moritz in 2002
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
“Buying junk at a discount is still junk.” – Abe Finkelstein
Abe Finkelstein, Managing Partner at Vintage, has been leading fund, secondary, and growth stage investments focused on fintech, gaming, and SMB software, among others, leading growth stage and secondary investments for Vintage in companies like Monday.com, Minute Media, Payoneer, MoonActive and Honeybook.
Prior to joining Vintage in 2003, Abe was an equity analyst with Goldman Sachs, covering Israel-based technology companies in a wide variety of sectors, including software, telecom equipment, networking, semiconductors, and satellite communications. While at Goldman Sachs, Abe, and the Israel team were highly ranked by both Thomson Extel and Institutional Investor. Prior to Goldman Sachs, Abe was Vice-President at U.S. Bancorp Piper Jaffray, where he helped launch and led the firm’s Israel technology shares institutional sales effort. Before joining Piper, he was an Associate at Brown Brothers Harriman, covering the enterprise software and internet sectors. Abe began his career at Josephthal, Lyon, and Ross, joining one of the first research teams focused exclusively on Israel-based companies.
Abe graduated Magna Cum Laude from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania with a BS in Economics and a concentration in Finance.
Vintage Investment Partners is a global venture platform managing ~$4 billion across venture Fund of Funds, Secondary Funds, and Growth-Stage Funds focused on venture in the U.S., Europe, Israel, and Canada. Vintage is invested in many of the world’s leading venture funds and growth-stage tech startups striving to make a lasting impact on the world and has exposure directly and indirectly to over 6,000 technology companies.
[00:00] Intro [03:18] Abe’s first investment [06:19] The definition of quality secondaries in 2003 [09:37] How did Abe know there would be capital to follow? [15:45] Valuation methodology in the 2000s [22:28] Minimum meaningful ownership for secondaries [26:17] Why did founders take Vintage’s call in Fund I? [30:41] The old-school way of tracking deal memos [32:06] Our job is to play the optimist [32:31] The headwinds of raising Vintage Fund I [36:32] Moving Vintage’s physical books to the cloud [39:06] How does Abe assign discounts to secondaries? [42:23] Proactive outreach vs reactive deal flow [46:18] What does Vintage do to stay top of mind? [49:49] What’s changed in the secondaries market since 2000? [55:32] Founder paranoia [57:56] What does Abe want his legacy look like?
“Buying junk at a discount is still junk.” – Abe Finkelstein
“Everything that’s going on in the market today, I actually feel people are overreacting to it because there are these ups and downs. Hopefully this current situation doesn’t get people too freaked out because these are the times you want to be investing in. People just don’t think that way. They see the blood on the streets and they run from it first, instead of going in.” – Abe Finkelstein
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
“The more you can create that context in the family owner’s manual, the more important it is and the more it is NOT the ‘in-case-of-emergency’ file. Because the in-case-of-emergency file is going to say I’m an LP in Fund VII from so-and-so and my withdrawal rights are such and such. Or here’s the document. You go figure out what my withdrawal rights are, if I have any.” The owner’s manual teaches future generations what to prioritize and why. – Josh Kanter
Josh Kanter is the family office principal at Josh Kanter Wealth Advisory Services. He is also the founder & CEO at leafplanner, a comprehensive solution on planning for the 100-year time horizon for a family office, birthed out of his own need with his own family of creating an everlasting institution.
After decades as a lawyer, he went on to focus on his family business where he also currently serves as President of Chicago Financial, Inc., a single family office overseeing a complex organization of trusts, investment and philanthropic entities for a multi-branch and multi-generational family.
[00:00] Intro [04:01] Art, sculptures and Jun Kaneko [12:30] The inception of Walnut Capital Corp [15:36] How Josh defines creativity [17:03] Creating the “freedom trust” [17:56] Where did the name leafplanner come from? [20:03] How did Josh get involved in the family venture business? [23:22] Top lessons from being startups’ legal advisor [25:48] Lessons as an investor and LP [27:57] Investing in America’s biggest fraud [30:01] The origin of leafplanner [38:15] How do you start a family owner’s manual [40:03] The importance of prioritization and context in the manual [45:35] How do you make a owner’s manual searchable? [49:50] The five kinds of capital (intellectual, human, social, financial, spiritual) [53:15] What is the role of luck in Josh’s life? [54:31] Josh’s primary vice when saying no [56:51] Post-credit scene
“You’ve got great founders. That doesn’t make them great CEOs.” – Josh Kanter
“I may not be the CEO of this company at some point. If I am not the person to take this forward, then let’s bring in the person who is. Success is more important than my ego.” – Josh Kanter
“The more you can create that context, the more important it is and the more it is not the ‘in-case-of-emergency’ file. Because the in-case-of-emergency file is going to say I’m an LP in Fund VII from so-and-so and my withdrawal rights are such and such. Or here’s the document. You go figure out what my withdrawal rights are, if I have any.” – Josh Kanter
On cloud storage providers like Box, Dropbox, Google Drive and so on: “Every one of those systems relies on the brain that built the architecture of how you organize them. So I use Box. I have 225,000 documents in Box. Those 225,000 documents are organized on how Josh’s brain works, so the folder structure [etc.].” – Josh Kanter
“Financial capital should be looked at merely as a tool to grow the other capitals: [Intellectual, human, and social].” – Josh Kanter
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
“This is one of the big issues of a bunch of data work on venture is insights from some periods don’t mean anything or are not translatable to present time. It’s really frustrating. So we go back to people, reputations, and experience.” – Narayan Chowdhury
Ritujoy Narayan Chowdhury is the co-founder and Managing Director at Franklin Park, where he focuses on private equity investment opportunities, monitoring clients’ portfolios and conducting industry research. He also plays a key role in the development and implementation of Franklin Park’s technology platform, and regularly interacts with clients on investment and portfolio matters.
Prior to Franklin Park, Narayan worked with Hamilton Lane and Public Financial Management. He is a CFA Charterholder and a member of the CFA Institute. Narayan received a B.A. in Mathematics and Economics from Bucknell University.
[00:00] Intro [02:27] Why my parents moved to the US [03:43] Narayan’s dad [08:54] The friction that Narayan has with his team [11:59] Why current analyst training creates bad habits [15:00] What Narayan does when his family goes to bed [16:37] When did Narayan first start playing with code? [17:34] Narayan’s entrepreneurial origins and how much he got paid [19:54] “Never sit alone at lunch” [22:54] The Mike Maples story [25:48] When Narayan realized VC is very different from PE [30:05] The difference between underwriting VC and buyout [34:28] What do you do when you’ve pigeonholed yourself in one industry? [37:02] How do you know if a GP is a core part of an alumni network? [38:32] A 2025 micro trend of misleading operating metrics [43:40] How has VC changed in the past few decades? [53:58] What do most people underappreciate about hockey?
“Every moment that [my daughter] is here and I’m not with her is a moment we’ll never get back.” – Narayan Chowdhury
“Every action should not be a wasted action, should not be duplicative, should be the best use of a person’s time. So any tool that we build that is contrary to that should be reevaluated constantly.” – Narayan Chowdhury
“What do you do when you don’t know anything, you haven’t met anybody, you have no context, the human brain starts inventing rationale.” – Narayan Chowdhury
“Never sit alone at lunch.” – Alan Patricof
“Looking backwards on track records in venture can be very scary decisions. It could be that the prior funds were completely passive throw-ins on a cap table where they were following some social cues in a ZIRP environment and perhaps they got lucky. Whether they were part of a giant outcome [or not], it sort of meaningless for the future because neither the syndicate nor the founder really know who that person ever was. And so, the go-forward benefit of that investment decision is zero versus ‘We were the trusted investor for that founder.’ Not all prior track records are the same. We have to go back to why, going forward, are founders going to seek out or accept those dollars.” – Narayan Chowdhury *ZIRP: zero interest-rate policy
“I’d rather go bankrupt than lose this AI race.” – Larry Page
“The problem is that the barriers to entry on that strategy [to deploy a lot of capital] are pretty low. And you get killed – death by a thousand cuts – when you’re not the only one trying to flood the market with capital and outcompeting on price.” – Narayan Chowdhury
“This is one of the big issues of a bunch of data work on venture is insights from some periods don’t mean anything or are not translatable to present time. It’s really frustrating. So we go back to people, reputations, and experience.” – Narayan Chowdhury
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
Mike Maples Jr. once said that 90% of Floodgate’s exit profits come from pivots. Hell, 50% of my angel investments have pivoted from the idea I first invested in. Pivoting is a constant norm of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Many investors know it’ll happen. Great founders instinctually prepare for that possibility. Being married to the problem, not the solution is the direct reflection of what it means to prepare for pivots. By definition, Meriam Webster defines the word as:
pivot (n) – a usually marked change, especially an adjustment or modification made (as to a product, service, or strategy) in order to adapt or improve
As such, small feature improvements, changes and additions, even omissions rarely count as one. But a large product shift, where the core product is no longer the product you once sold, is one. In general, the common advice on the street is that you should embrace pivots, until you find product-market fit. But also knowing that you can always lose product-market fit, even after you obtain it. A pivot should either help you catch lightning in a bottle, or help you keep lightning in the bottle.
But that’s not the purpose of me writing this piece. It’s about the opposite. The quiet thing no one explicitly talks about when it comes to pivot. The TL;DR version is each time you pivot, you lose trust. You lose trust because you didn’t have conviction in your product. You lose trust because you didn’t have conviction on where the market will go. Hell, you lose trust because you didn’t do what you said you were going to do. You were not a person of your word. You lose trust because you made someone else lose trust. Because of you, they looked stupid. To their peers. To their bosses. Sometimes to their friends.
Once you lose trust, it’s really, really hard to get it back, if at all. In the age of information excess and product surplus, you won’t have the time or the attention from your customers to rebuild that trust. They’ll just move on to the next solution.
All of which are true. But many truly great companies, as we know them today, have gone through their pivots. The idea that put them on the billboard was not the idea that was first funded. Instagram. Google (not their initial business model). Slack. Twitch. Lyft. Shopify. The list goes on.
That said, if you want investors who haven’t funded you to fund you after the pivot, you need a damn good reason as to why you’re doing so. And why it makes sense.
If you’ve known these investors for a while, great! You already have the pre-requisite of trust. You need it. The age of AI wrappers getting thrown left and right and startups going through their 28th pivot destroys trust. How do I know this is the one? How can I believe you when you say this is the one? Why should I have faith when you say this is the last time? There’s a great recent Hiten Shah tweet on this I really like, albeit from the customer perspective, but the analogy holds.
I just got off the phone with a founder. It was an early Sunday morning call, and they were distraught.
The company had launched with a breakout AI feature. That one worked. It delivered. But every new release since then? Nothing’s sticking.
“Once belief slips, no amount of capability wins it back.
“What makes this worse is how often teams move on. A new demo. A new integration. A new pitch. But the scar tissue remains. Users carry it forward. They stop expecting the product to help them. And eventually, they stop expecting anything at all. This is the hidden cost of broken AI. Beyond failing to deliver, it inevitably also subtracts confidence. And that subtraction compounds.
“You’re shaping expectation, whether you know it or not. Every moment it works, belief grows. Every moment it doesn’t, belief drains out.
“That’s the real game.”
Just as with customers, it is with investors. Although investors can be more forgiving, knowing that this is part of the game. But no amount of faith is infinite, so choose how you voice your actions intentionally. Choose your interactions carefully. And if you do choose to interact, communicate proactively and deliberately. Notice how many withdrawals you’re taking from the bank of social capital, from your karmic bank account. And don’t forget to regularly deposit.
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
“The bigger you get, the more established you get, the more underwriting emphasis goes into how this team operates as a structure rather than is there a star?” – Matt Curtolo
Matt Curtolo, CAIA is a seasoned private markets investor and allocator with over two decades of experience at leading financial institutions. Throughout his career, he has been directly responsible for allocating more than $6 billion in commitments to private market investments and maintains relationships with hundreds of general partner relationships across the full spectrum of private capital strategies.
Most recently, as Head of Investments at Allocate, a venture-backed fintech startup. Matt built the investment capability from the ground up, broadening access to top-tier venture capital opportunities for the private wealth market. Prior to this, he served as a senior leader at MetLife, serving on the investment committee, co-managing their global alternatives portfolio and leading the firm’s US Buyout portfolio. Earlier in his career, Matt led all private equity activities as Head of Private Equity at Hirtle Callaghan, a large independent outsourced Chief Investment Officer (oCIO). Matt’s foundational experience was gained at Hamilton Lane during its early growth phase, before it became the world’s preeminent private markets allocator, in research, investment and client-facing roles. Matt currently holds several advisory positions that span start-ups, asset management firms and fund of funds. He also manages his own advice practice, providing GPs with strategic guidance on strategy, fundraising and investor relations.
[00:00] Intro [04:24] What town did Matt grow up in? [04:37] Why is that town significant from a sociological perspective? [08:43] Why is Matt fascinated with the Detroit Lions? [11:08] What is it like cheering for the underdog? [13:02] How does Matt break down deal attribution in partnerships? [18:04] GPs’ karmic bank account [21:29] What is the kindest thing anyone’s done for Matt? [23:24] How did tennis enter Matt’s life? [26:35] Historical examples of VC management/leadership structures [29:33] Underwriting track record between senior and junior investors [32:23] How Matt approaches diligence after reading the data room [39:30] How do you know when you’ve asked enough questions? [42:37] The three classes of questions for GPs that influence investment decisions [45:34] Remote culture [50:16] Cadence of in-person gatherings in remote teams [52:48] The two (and a half) types of conversations to always host in-person [58:37] The last great idea Matt had on a walk [1:02:05] The legacy Matt wants to leave behind [1:04:37] Post-credit scene
“Partnerships are incredibly hard to evaluate because not only are you evaluating each of the individual’s capabilities independently, but is it a one plus one equals three situation?” – Matt Curtolo
“The bigger you get, the more established you get, the more underwriting emphasis goes into how this team operates as a structure rather than is there a star?” – Matt Curtolo
“Data gives me questions, not answers.” – Matt Curtolo
“The dopamine you get from planning something versus the actual experience itself are wildly different.” – Matt Curtolo
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
As a kid, I wrote poetry because it was easier to express myself in short form than long form. I also used to start writing fictional books, but stop after chapter one because I didn’t know how the story would develop. I was also the kid who would find five different ways to say the same thing in grade school, just so that my essay would hit the page limit. Yet still, my lowest grades among any subject was still English, particularly writing.
David Ogilvy, the namesake for the legendary advertising firm, Ogilvy & Mather, now just Ogilvy, once said: “Woolly minded people write woolly memos, woolly letters and woolly speeches.” The truth is I was, probably still am, a “wooly minded person.” But I try to be better.
That was the genesis of this blog. I didn’t have grand hopes of becoming famous. Or that I was going to make a career out of this. Still so, as it is still the reason why I haven’t said yes to any sponsors to this blog.
I write to think. I write whatever comes to mind. Simply, I write what I want. In fact, when the fact I have this blog comes up in conversation, I still actively tell me to unsubscribe. This isn’t an LP blog. Nor a VC blog. Nor a startup blog. It’s just my train of consciousness. Something I commit to every week. So, I’m extraordinarily honored to have a few thousand of you read this on a regular basis.
Thank you.
I don’t say that enough on this blog. But to all of you reading, I am deeply grateful you’re on this journey with me.
But… over the years, people have said I’m not as bad as I say I am at writing. Which might be true. We are all, after all, our own harshest critics. While I’m nowhere near the level of David Ogilvy or Brandon Sanderson or Maria Popova or Neil Gaiman or Susan Cain, in case it might be helpful, here are the gentle reminders I give myself when it comes to writing:
Write as I talk. Incomplete sentences. One word sentences. Short, easy words occasionally sprinkled in with a $10 word I like. Tenacious. Idiosyncratic. Judicious. And yes, I’m conscious that I use ‘bandwidth’ instead of ‘time.’
Write only when I’m inspired to. I don’t have a strict regimen of writing. I’ve met authors who have four-hour morning writing routines. I don’t. This is not my full-time job. But I enjoy writing. And I’m not publishing daily. I’ve committed to weekly. That affords me an immense amount of latitude for ‘productive time to be bored.’ I’m more often inspired by ‘touching grass’ as the kids call it than I am staring at my monitor or journal.
In case I’m on a deadline and I’ve been uninspired up till the deadline, I have a very specific doc I reference. The metaphorical ‘break glass in case of emergency.’ It’s called the Emotion Catalogue. In it, I’ve tracked every single time I’ve consumed a piece of information that led to a specific emotional reaction. Happiness/joy. Sadness. Regret. Guilt. Jealousy. Anger. Inspiration. Fear. Creativity. Not sure if the last one is an emotion, but to me, it is. And if I’m supposed to write about a certain emotion, I need to feel that emotion. So I go to that catalogue, pick one or two of the inspirations within a section. And I consume it. Read it. Watch it. Listen to it.
Use productive time to edit. Use inspired time to write. For me, that’s usually (not always) writing in the evening. And editing in the morning.
I ‘idea-journal’ every day. If I can’t think of a new idea to write on, the journaling prompt I have to answer, “What is the most important question I should be asking myself today?” or “What did I really not want to do today? Why?”
Write for one person. You. Or for me, the person I was yesterday. I am always guaranteed one happy reader. But also, if it’s helpful for me, there’s a good chance I’m not alone. And it’s helpful for someone else out there as well.
Rewrite things often. The first idea is usually not the best, nor is it the most refined. Even if it’s five years from now.
Be comfortable with dropping ideas. Sometimes I’m motivated to write something, but I lose motivation halfway through. Instead of making it homework for myself, it’s easier to mentally drop it. This is different from ideas I’m still motivated to write about, but can’t find the right concepts or words to put it into play. Those I mull over for a while. Sometimes, years.
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
“Networks are more persistent than performance.” – Albert Azout
Albert Azout is the Co-Founder and Managing Partner of Level Ventures, a technology investment firm built on software and data science and invests in both entrepreneurs and venture capital managers, including the likes of Air Street Capital, Emergent Ventures and Work-Bench, just to name a few. Prior to Level, Albert has been a serial founder, starting analytics businesses and even a social media company before Facebook.
[00:00] Intro [02:36] The origin of Albert’s blog [04:45] How did Albert first start coding? [07:43] Albert’s interest in networks [13:10] Entrepreneurship around Albert [16:27] What is collaborative filtering? [22:18] How complexity economics affect the networks of VCs? [27:14] Fear and greed regimes [28:51] Telltale signs that inform the kind of regime you’re in [30:31] Why it’s the wrong time to be investing in defense tech [34:53] What are most LPs missing about GP networks? [37:31] How is Level Ventures looking at networks differently? [44:42] Archetypes of GPs that Albert likes [46:43] The 3 advantages GPs need to have [55:02] How does Albert balance over- vs under-diligencing? [57:15] Albert’s view on luck [57:47] Albert the “consciousness expert”
“You have to have an understanding of the regime you’re in for you to make good decisions as an investor.” – Albert Azout
“Price reflects the inefficiencies of the market.” – Albert Azout
“What really matters is what you’re hearing around you. When you hear overly coherent narratives, that’s a big thing for me. And it happens in subcycles as well. […] But when people are behaving and making decisions based on narratives that are overly coherent, that’s a big sign. That’s a very social problem.” – Albert Azout
“What you want to see in a venture company which you’re looking for huge outliers, is you want to see increasing returns to scale. You want to see demand-side feedback loops, where you have very low marginal costs of distribution. And that requires mostly winner-take-all, or winner-take-most kinds of markets.” – Albert Azout
“You want to be pre-narrative. You want to position your capital in an area where the supply of capital increases over time and where those assets will be traded at a premium.” – Albert Azout
“Networks are more persistent than performance.” – Albert Azout
“Venture is simple but hard.” – Albert Azout
“We look for GPs who have one, a network advantage and two, a knowledge advantage – both of which have to be not redundant and economically important. And the third thing is the fund strategy itself. There’s a lot of nuances but there are two things that are important. One is that it has to be an outlier. […] It has to have the right construction for us. […] My second point is more important. It involves game theory, which is the competitive dynamics in the market. ” – Albert Azout
Stay up to date with the weekly cup of cognitive adventures inside venture capital and startups, as well as cataloging the history of tomorrow through the bookmarks of yesterday!
The views expressed on this blogpost are for informational purposes only. None of the views expressed herein constitute legal, investment, business, or tax advice. Any allusions or references to funds or companies are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be relied upon as investment recommendations. Consult a professional investment advisor prior to making any investment decisions.
